What complications can untreated Chlamydia lead to in women?

Untreated Chlamydia can lead to serious complications in women, particularly through its impact on the reproductive system. One of the most significant complications is pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which occurs when the infection ascends from the cervix into the uterus, fallopian tubes, and surrounding structures. PID can cause chronic pelvic pain, additional infections, and scarring, which may ultimately lead to infertility.

Infertility is a critical concern as the damage caused by PID can affect a woman's ability to conceive. Furthermore, the risk of ectopic pregnancy increases, where a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, often in a fallopian tube. This can lead to life-threatening situations if not treated promptly.

While other conditions such as urinary tract infections, endometriosis, and cervical cancer are important to consider, they are not directly caused by untreated Chlamydia in the same manner as PID, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. Thus, B encompasses the severe, direct outcomes of untreated Chlamydia, highlighting its substantial implications on women's reproductive health.